Key Business Calculations and Revelant Financial Flows :: GCSE Business Finance

For my assignment I have been asked to demonstrate compentence in handling key business calculation and basicly demonstrate my understandings of the revelant financial flows. Introduction For my assignment I have been asked to demonstrate compentence in handling key business calculation and basicly demonstrate my understandings of the revelant financial flows. I am able to choose my own business, provided with information needed. For my chosen business I need to do the following: Task 1: I have been asked to explain how business may calculate break even in order to indicate profitable activity levels, to adapt break-even calculations for selected business in the light of changing cost and sale price data, then to recommend appropriate coursers of action for a selected loss making business. Task 2: In task 2 I have been asked to explain the meaning of cashflow with reference to a spreadsheet containing at least six sets of monthly data, to explain how a profitable business could go bankrupt due to cash flow problems and to recommend ways in which a selected business might control its cash flow most effectively. Task 3: I this section I have been asked to explain how a budget midht be used to monitor expenditure for one cost centre for my selected business, explain the importance of budget variance information to managers of my selected business and to recommend ways in which managers might deal with a cost centre that consistenly records an unfavourable budget variance in the caseof my selected business. Task 4: In task 4 I have been asked to explain simple ways of recording transactions for my selected business, to explain how fraud can take place in the process of recording transactions for my selected business and recommend simple fraud detection and prevention measures for a small business. Unit 3 Investigating Financial Control Task 1, a) P1 In this task I have been asked to explain how a business may calculate their break even. Break even is a calculation of profit and loss in the year. Break even is very important for any type of company, because all the types of companies need to found out where their incomes and losses meet. I own a sandwich bar company and I have to found out how could I break-even with my losses and incomings. My start up cost is around  £100,000 but that has nothing to do with on working out my break-even. To break-even I need to know my running cost, which splits in to fixed costs and variable costs. Fixed cost is a cost of my phone bills, gas bills, electricity bills, if I would be renting the property the rent cost would also be included in the fixed cost and also the tax to the

You Suck: A Love Story Chapter 9~10

Chapter Nine It's Like Time Travel, Only You know, Slower†¦ THE CHRONICLES OF ABBY NORMAL: Tortured Victim of the Daylight Dwellers So here I am again, to open my veins and spill my pain onto your pages. My dark friend, after sixteen years of totally boring existence, I come to you at last with a glimmer of hope to break through the gloomth that is my miserable life. OMG! I have found him! Or I should say, he has found me. That's right, my Dark Lord has found me. A for-real vampyre. He is called the vampyre Flood, and he didn't say, but I think he is descended from European royalty – a viscount or a discount or one of those. I was in Walgreens with Jared when we saw him – and OMFG he's so hot, in a totally stealth way. I would have thought he was just a totally mainstream geek or something, with his flannel shirt and jeans, but he asked us about buying syringes and I totally saw his fangs come out. So, I was like, â€Å"I can hook you up with my dealer,† like that, and then he looked at my T-shirt and saw Byron's picture on it and he quoted â€Å"She Walks in Beauty,† which is like my favorite poem next to the one by Baudelaire about his girlfriend being nothing but worm food, except that Lily called that one first because Baudelaire is her fave poet and so she got the shirt with him on it, even though Byron is way more scrumptious and I would do him on sharp gravel if I had the chance. So I went home and changed my clothes and fixed my makeup, and when we got to Glas Kat we breezed by the door like we were twenty-five or something. Jared made our IDs himself at Kinkos and we both look so mature in our pictures, although I think he overdid it with the mustache. Anyway, we were there like ten minutes, and this song came on that I really like – â€Å"Boning You in the Ossuary,† by Dead Can Dub – which is so cool and macabre. And I tried to get Jared to dance, but this guy comes by and grabs Jared's cape and says, â€Å"Blacks fade much?† and that was it. Jared went into a level-five freak-out, and turned into a total fuckwit, trying to get me to hide him and stuff, and then just saying he couldn't take it anymore and he had to go home and redye right then. So he abandoned me to the dank loneliness that is the night and I bought a bottle of water and some chips and got ready to grieve my lost youth, when HE showed up. OMG! Check it, he actually knew Byron and Shelley! He used to party with them in Switzerland when they were all young. They all did laudanum and read ghost stories and stuff, and then they actually invented Goth, right there in this villa on some lake. He is like THE SOURCE! He took me for coffee and I wanted to give myself to him right there in Starbucks. Lily will be totally jealous. So he said I have to wait. He is connected to some ancient Celtic vampire countess and I'm supposed to find them an apartment in the morning. He even gave me the name of a rental agent to call and a big wad of cash. I have to prove myself worthy of his trust, otherwise there's like no way he'll bestow the dark gift on me, and I'll totally have to finish my sophomore year and probably end up in junior college or working at Old Navy or something. So, since we're off for Christmas break, I'm going to call this woman and go find an apartment for the vampyre Flood and the Celtic vampyre countess. And when Flood rises from the grave at sunset, I will get my reward. I'm totally freaked about meeting the Celtic vampyre countess. Flood says she has a temper. What if she hates me? Flood says he's not really into her – it's not like that. It's like, she's his vampyre sire, and they've been together for like five hundred years, so, you know, they have history, and I can respect that. Note: Make sure to find out if I need to move their native soil to the new apartment before we move their coffins. Note: Do I need to have a coffin made? Is it okay if it's purple? Oh yeah, my sister Ronnie has head lice. Chapter Ten Red, White, and Blue, Not Necessarily in That Order Snow White, thought Blue. With the seven to look after me, and me them, I could be just like Snow White. Granted, the Animals weren't exactly dwarves, Jeff Murray, the ex-high-school-basketball star was at least six five, and Drew, their resident pharmacologist, was pretty close to that height, but she wasn't exactly Snow White either. Still, they were all kind to her, considerate, and basically respectful of her, within their limits as a bunch of pot-head punani hounds. They did seem to have a decent work ethic, were loyal, didn't fight among themselves, and were relatively clean, as guys this age went. In a few days, she'd have the rest of their money, she knew it, and they knew it, but then what? It was a ton of money, to be sure, but it wasn't fuck-you money. (Defined as having so much money that you can say â€Å"fuck you† to anyone, anywhere, anytime, and not have to worry about the consequences.) She'd have to find something to do, somewhere to go. As the possibility of her getting out of the life finally loomed large, she realized that she was going to need a new life to live, and frankly, it was scaring the hell out of her. Time isn't kind to a girl living on her looks, and she'd already extended her sell-by date by going blue, but what now? Who knew that the future she'd been hoping for would show up with such sharp teeth. So Blue asked herself the question†¦ Can a fallen Cheddar princess of Fond Du Lac make a life with seven perpetually adolescent party animals from the Bay Area? Maybe it could happen, but she had her misgivings about dwarf number seven: Clint. In her experience, it took a lot of work to fuck the Jesus out of a guy, and even then, he was prone to come down with a bad case of the guilts a day or two later. Not really a problem when you were working outcall, but if you were going to high-ho a whole pack of dwarves on a semipermanent basis, one of them having a high-maintenance, holy-ghost haunting was going to be a problem. â€Å"Whore of Babylon,† Clint said as the Animals led her into the Safeway like they were presenting her at the palace. She paused in the automatic doors, despite the fact that she felt like she was turning blue under her blue, dressed as she was in a silver lam minidress and six-inch clear Lucite heels, none of it protecting her from the frigid wind coming off the Bay, whipping through the Marina Safeway parking lot. Thinking she'd probably spend most of her time naked, she hadn't packed for San Francisco weather. â€Å"I've never even been to Babylon,† she said. â€Å"But I'm open to new experiences.† She licked her lips and stepped to where her breasts were within an inch of Clint's chest. He turned and bolted to the office, chanting, â€Å"Get thee behind me, get thee behind me, get thee behind me,† the whole way. â€Å"However you want it, baby,† said Blue. She decided she'd think of him as Freaked, the paranoid dwarf. â€Å"Barry will show you to the break room,† Lash said. He'd become the new leader of the Animals, mainly because he tended to be the most sober. â€Å"Jeff, send the limo back and lock the doors. Drew, make some coffee. Gustavo, see what the situation is on the floors. We may need you to throw stock on the shelves.† They stood there, looking at him. Stoned. Drunk. Baffled. Blue would think of Barry, the little, prematurely bald guy, as her special dwarf, Baffled. She smiled. Clint peeked over the three-quarter wall of the office. â€Å"Hey, you guys. You should know that the Emperor was here last night. He says that Tommy Flood is a vampire.† â€Å"Huh?† Lash said. â€Å"He's a vampire. That girl of his, she didn't leave town. She changed him.† â€Å"Get the fuck outta here,† said Jeff. Clint nodded furiously. â€Å"It's true.† â€Å"Well, fuck,† said the others, in an unsynchronized chorus. â€Å"Meeting,† Lash announced. â€Å"Gentlemen, take your seats.† He looked apologetically to Blue. â€Å"This shouldn't take long.† â€Å"I'll make coffee,† she said. â€Å"Uh†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Lash seemed concerned. â€Å"Blue, we're kind of on a budget from here on out.† â€Å"Coffee's free,† Blue said. She turned and started heading to the back of the store. â€Å"I'll find it.† The Animals watched Blue walk away and, when she turned the corner, gathered by the registers. Clint unlocked the office door and came out. â€Å"So, we have to notify those cops, so they can help us hunt him down.† Lash looked at the Animals, who looked back. Lash raised an eyebrow. The others nodded. Lash put his arm around Clint's shoulders. â€Å"Clint, the guys and I have discussed it, and we'd all like to do something for you.† Clint ran back in the office and slammed the door. â€Å"No! We have to destroy the agents of Satan.† â€Å"Right. Of course. We'll get right on that. But first I'd like you to ask yourself something, Clint. And I'd like you to answer not as the born-again man that you are now, but from that little boy that's inside of all of us.† â€Å"Okay,† Clint said, peeking over the office door. â€Å"Clint, haven't you ever wanted to bone a Smurf?† Jody heard Tommy come in the security door downstairs and met him on the stairs with a big hug and a backbreaking kiss. â€Å"Wow,† Tommy said. â€Å"Are you okay?† â€Å"I'm really good now. I was just checking on William. I think he pooped himself.† â€Å"I'm so sorry, Tommy. I shouldn't have left you on your own this soon.† â€Å"It's okay. I'm okay. Hey, you have something on your dress.† Jody was still wearing the little black dress. Some of the dust that was James O'Mally was still clinging to it near the hemline. â€Å"Oh, I must have bumped up against something.† â€Å"Let me get that for you,† Tommy said, brushing at her thigh, then starting to raise the dress up past her waist. Jody caught his hand. â€Å"Horndog!† Chet the huge shaved cat looked up for a second, then put his head back down on William's chest and went back to sleep. â€Å"But you left me on my own,† Tommy said, trying to sound sad, but smiling too much to make it work. â€Å"You're fine.† She looked at her watch. â€Å"We only have about forty minutes till sunup. We can talk while we get ready for bed.† â€Å"I'm ready for bed now,† Tommy said. She led him up the stairs into the loft, through the great room, the bedroom, and into the bathroom. She grabbed her toothbrush off the sink and tossed Tommy his. She pasted, then chucked the tube to him. â€Å"Do we still have to floss?† Tommy asked. â€Å"I mean, what's the point of being immortal if we have to floss?† â€Å"Yeah,† Jody said, through a mouthful of pinkish foam, â€Å"you should just go lie in the sun and get it over with, rather than suffer the torture of flossing.† â€Å"Don't be sarcastic. I didn't think we could get sick at all, but your hangover proved that to be wrong.† Jody nodded and spit. â€Å"Don't swallow any when you rinse. The water will come right back up.† â€Å"How come your foam is pink? My foam isn't pink. And I went last.† â€Å"My gums might be bleeding,† Jody said. Jody wasn't ready to tell him that she'd taken someone tonight. She would tell him, just not now. So, to change the subject, she summoned her superhuman strength and pantsed him. â€Å"Hey!† â€Å"When did you get skull-and-crossbones boxers?† â€Å"I bought them tonight, when you were getting Christmas presents. I thought they would seem dangerous.† â€Å"You bet,† Jody said, nodding furiously to keep from laughing. â€Å"And you'll blend in – in case you're ever caught with your pants down in the pirate locker room.† â€Å"Yeah, there's that,† Tommy said, a little toothpaste foam dribbling down his chest as he looked at his boxers. â€Å"I have the whitest legs in the universe. My legs are like great white carrion worms.† â€Å"Stop, you're making me horny.† â€Å"I've got to use that tanning lotion we bought. Where is it?† Jody moved with catlike speed out to the kitchen, snatched the lotion off the counter, and was back sitting on the edge of the bed in only a couple of seconds. If she could just keep Tommy from asking any questions until sunup, she was sure she'd figure out a way to tell him about the old man. â€Å"Come over here, worm legs, let me put some lotion on you.† To emphasize her commitment to lotionization, she stood, pulled the straps of her dress off her shoulders, and let it fall to the floor at her feet. She stepped out of her dress and stood there, in just her pumps and a silver necklace with a tiny heart that he had given her. Tommy hopped out of the bathroom – his pants still around his ankles – one long hop, and he stood in front of her. Jody smiled. Give a geek supernatural agility and speed, and what you get is a superagile, speedy geek. â€Å"You went out commando, in that dress?† â€Å"Never again,† Jody said, grabbing the waistband of his boxers and pulling him toward her. â€Å"These are mine, now. I want to be dangerous.† â€Å"That's so, so slutty,† he said, lisping a little, his fangs coming out now. â€Å"Yep. Where do you want to start with the lotion?† He pulled her close and kissed her neck. â€Å"We have to be careful not to break the furniture this time.† â€Å"Fuck it, less to move,† she said, her own fangs coming out now. She raked them down his chest. â€Å"If we figure out a way to get a place before someone kills us.† â€Å"Oh, yeah, I found us a minion,† he said as she bit into his side and tore his boxers off in a single swift pull. â€Å"What?† But Tommy was finished talking for a while. Blue watched as the Butterball rocketed by her and slammed into a triangle of two-liter soft-drink bottles – the front bottle burst, sending a cola-brown eruption of foam across the floor by the meat case. â€Å"Strike!† Barry shouted. He danced in a tight circle among the Animals, pointing and chanting, â€Å"I own you, and you, and you,† to each as he passed. Blue looked to Lash, and raised a cobalt eyebrow. Lash shrugged. â€Å"It happens. That's why we use diet soda. It's not as sticky.† He had decided that they all needed to sober up some more before they started stocking the shelves; thus the turkey bowling. â€Å"Can someone bring a mop?† Clint said. Because he would not gamble, he was the designated pin setter. He was scrambling around trying to retrieve soda bottles even as Jeff Murray was warming up at the other end of the aisle, swinging a Foster's Fresh Frozen Homestyle in each hand. He believed that he got better pin action off the Foster's because of the savory gravy packet stuffed in its center. He claimed that Foster's had mastered superior poultry technology, and was, in fact, working on an oversized titanium turkey. The other Animals were forced to point out to him that he was completely full of shit as they sprayed root beer on him. â€Å"So you guys hunted vampires?† Blue asked Lash. She had come back to the front with coffee for everyone just in time to hear Lash lay out the scenario for the Animals. She'd held off asking any questions until now. A Fresh Frozen meat missile zipped down the aisle between them. Lash didn't even blink. â€Å"Yep. We didn't kill him. We just blew up his yacht and took his art. That's where we got the money.† â€Å"Yeah, right,† said Blue. â€Å"I got that part. It's the vampire part I'm not clear on. Like a real vampire. A real, blood-drinking, can't-go-out-in-the-day, live-forever vampire.† â€Å"We figured he had to be at least six hundred years old,† Troy Lee added, joining in the conversation. â€Å"Blue, you wanna skid the buzzard?† He nodded to the end of the aisle, where Jeff was offering his spare Fresh Frozen turkey like a sacrifice. â€Å"So you guys, who work in a grocery store, have seen a vampire?† â€Å"Two of them,† Lash said. â€Å"Our night-crew leader, Tommy, was living with one of them.† â€Å"She was hot,† Troy Lee added. â€Å"Vampire hunters?† Blue couldn't believe it. â€Å"Well, not anymore,† Lash said. â€Å"Yeah,† Troy Lee said. â€Å"Clint says that Tommy's a vampire now. We're not going to mess with him.† â€Å"Spawn of Satan!† Clint shouted from the end of the aisle. Drew, who Blue had decided to think of as Doc, because he always carried the pot, ran down the aisle and shot-putted a twelve-pound self-basting at Clint's head. â€Å"Shut the fuck up!† Clint ducked and covered. The turkey went over the meat counter and stuck in the drywall by the window at the back of the meat department. To Blue, Drew said, â€Å"Sorry, couldn't be helped.† â€Å"Well, that's gonna take all night to patch,† said Clint. Lash looked at Troy Lee. â€Å"Could you kill him?† â€Å"On it,† Troy Lee said, falling into a fighting stance, before taking off and chasing Clint around the corner. â€Å"Prepare to die, White Devil!† â€Å"So,† said Blue. â€Å"You were saying?† â€Å"Well, Clint says Tommy is a vampire now, and we should go stake him out or something, but he's one of us, so we've decided to pursue a policy of Buddhist tolerance.† Just then Troy Lee dragged Clint back around the corner in a headlock. Despite being six inches shorter and forty pounds lighter than Clint, he'd studied martial arts since he was six and that took size out of the equation. â€Å"Should I hypnotize the chicken?† Troy asked. â€Å"Make it so,† said Lash. Troy Lee adjusted his chokehold on Clint. The larger man's eyes bugged out, his mouth moved like a gasping fish out of water, and he went limp in Troy's arms, who then dropped him in the puddle of diet soda on the floor. â€Å"He'll come around in a second or two.† Lash leaned into Blue to explain. â€Å"We used to call it choke the chicken, but that sounded kind of gayish.† â€Å"Of course,† said Blue. That trick would come in handy in her work. She'd have to ask Troy Lee to teach it to her. â€Å"And you think that your friend and this girl are really vampires.† â€Å"I suppose. Clint said he heard it from the Emperor, and he was the one that turned us on to the old vampire guy in the first place. Either way, they're not our problem.† â€Å"What if I said they were?† Blue said. Her mind was putting it together like a sewing machine on crack. It was insane, but for once she could see a future stretching out before her, welcoming her. â€Å"What if I said I wanted you to go after them?† Lash blinked at her like she was speaking Klingon. â€Å"Huh?† He looked at the other Animals, who had stopped bowling and moved into range of the conversation. They stood there with frosty gobblers steaming in their hands like they were on wet-nurse duty for a group of headless infant snowmen. â€Å"Flood is our friend,† Lash said. â€Å"I don't want you to kill him,† Blue said. â€Å"Just catch him.† Lash looked to the others, who looked away – at the floor, at the cabbage and lettuce counter, at the turnips, at their frozen charges. â€Å"I'll make it worth your while,† Blue said. Jody lay on the bed watching Tommy turn slowly, back and forth in the air like a pale white-boy mobile. The loft had twenty-foot ceilings with open, industrial-style beams, and sometime during their lovemaking, they had both ended up hanging from them. Jody dropped to the bed after she came, but Tommy still hung by one hand. The bright side was that with the exception of the set of shredded sheets upon which she lay, they had kept the destruction to a minimum. The downside – well, she really could have gone a couple of lifetimes without seeing him from this angle. â€Å"We did good,† Jody said. â€Å"Hardly anything broken.† â€Å"You think that monkeys really do it that way?† Tommy replied. â€Å"I always thought you were just using that as an expression.† She'd thought she could remain detached enough about their lovemaking to stay in control – to enjoy it, but to use it, as it were – but since Tommy had changed, it wasn't like that anymore. She lost herself in it, she didn't just make love with him, she fucked him like a crazed monkey girl. It was good, but disconcerting. She had liked being in control. â€Å"You look amazing from this angle,† Tommy said. â€Å"You look like a man-shaped fluorescent lightbulb,† Jody said, grinning at him, then noticing a change. â€Å"Do not get wood, Thomas Flood. You will not get wood, do you hear me?† â€Å"You sound like my mom,† Tommy said. â€Å"Ewwwww,† Jody said, shuddering and covering her eyes. â€Å"Ewwwww,† Tommy said, realizing what he had just said and about what and whom. He dropped to the bed and bounced. â€Å"Sorry. Quick, put the self-tanning lotion on me, we only have a few minutes before sunup.† â€Å"Okay, but just the lotion.† â€Å"Right, go.† Jody took the lotion and squirted some on her hands. â€Å"Turn around, I'll get your back.† â€Å"But – â€Å" â€Å"Just point that thing the other way, writer boy, you have had all the monkey love you're going to get tonight.† She said it, but she didn't mean it – she'd go another round if he wanted, if they had time before sunrise. Then she remembered. â€Å"Did you say you found us a minion?† â€Å"Yeah, I did. She's going to start tomorrow – er, today. I gave her money to get us an apartment. Told her what we needed.† â€Å"Her?† â€Å"Yeah, you remember that girl we saw in the drugstore?† Jody stopped rubbing, grabbed his shoulders, and spun him around. â€Å"You gave our deposit money to a nine-year-old?† â€Å"She's not nine. She's sixteen.† â€Å"Still, Tommy. You trusted our secret to a sixteen-year-old girl?† â€Å"She already knew.† â€Å"Yes, because you let your fangs show like some doofus of the night. You could have explained that somehow, or better yet, never seen her again.† â€Å"Look, she's smart, and she'll be loyal. I promise.† â€Å"You could have just gotten us killed.† â€Å"What would you have done? Huh? You have to trust someone.† â€Å"But a sixteen-year-old kid?† â€Å"I'm only nineteen, and I was a great minion. Besides, she thinks I'm her dark lord.† â€Å"Did you even tell her about me?† â€Å"Of course, she knows all about you. Knows that you're my sire – that's what they call the vampire who made you. I even told her that you were older, that you had vast experience.† â€Å"Vast? Vast experience sounds like I'm a slutty old divorcee. How old does she think I am?† â€Å"Five hundred.† â€Å"What?† â€Å"But you look great for five hundred. I mean, look, you got my attention. Do my front.† â€Å"Do your own front.† She threw the lotion bottle at him and he snatched it out of the air. â€Å"Love you,† Tommy said, slathering self-tanning goo all over his face and chest. â€Å"I'm going to lock the bedroom door,† Jody said as the alarm on their watches started beeping, signaling ten minutes before sunrise. She'd gotten the alarm watches for both of them, just in case. â€Å"You didn't give her keys, did you?† â€Å"Not to the bedroom.† â€Å"Great. What if she finds William in the stairwell and stakes him out? You could have given our key to a Buffy wannabe – â€Å" â€Å"This stuff is supposed to take like eight hours to work, so by sundown I'll be sexy bronze.† â€Å"There's a bronze vampire in the living room. Why don't you go ask him how that's working out for him?† â€Å"He's impersonal bronze, not sexy bronze like I'll be.† â€Å"Come to bed. And put on a T-shirt. I don't want a sexy bronze stain on the sheets, even if they are torn up.† Tommy sniff-tested a half-dozen shirts, finally decided on one, climbed into bed, and was kissing Jody good morning when the sunrise put them out.

Did Roman Soldiers Eat Meat

Weve been led to think that ancient Romans were mainly vegetarian and that when the legions came into contact with the northern European barbarians they had trouble stomaching the meat-rich food. The tradition about the legions being near vegetarian in camp is very believable for the early Republican era. Scurvy references are reliable, I believe. By the latter half of the 2nd century B.C., the whole Roman world had opened up and almost all aspects of Roman life, including diet, had changed from the old days. My only real point is that Josephus and Tacitus could not accurately chronicle the early or middle Republican diet. Cato is the only source that comes close, and he is at the very end of the era (and a cabbage freak to boot).​[2910.168]REYNOLDSDC Maybe this is too simplistic. Perhaps the Roman soldiers werent opposed to a daily meat-centered meal. R.W. Davies in The Roman Military Diet, published in Britannia, in 1971, argues on the basis of his reading of history, epigraphy, and archaeological finds that Roman soldiers throughout the Republic and Empire ate meat. Excavated Bones Reveal Diet Details Much of Davies work in The Roman Military Diet is interpretation, but some of it is scientific analysis of bones excavated from Roman, British, and German military sites dating from Augustus to the third century. From the analysis, we know the Romans ate ox, sheep, goat, pig, deer, boar, and hare, in most places and in some areas, elk, wolf, fox, badger, beaver, bear, vole, ibex, and otter. Broken beef bones suggest the extraction of marrow for soup. Alongside the animal bones, archaeologists found equipment for roasting and boiling the meat as well as for making cheese from the milk of domesticated animals. Fish and poultry were also popular, the latter especially for the sick. Roman Soldiers Ate (and Perhaps Drank) Mostly Grain R.W. Davies is not saying the Roman soldiers were primarily meat eaters. Their diet was mostly grain: wheat, barley, and oats, mainly, but also spelt and rye. Just as Roman solders were supposed to dislike meat, so too they were supposed to detest beer — considering it far inferior to their native Roman wine. Davies brings this assumption into question when he says a discharged Germanic soldier set himself up to supply the Roman military with beer near the end of the first century. Republican and Imperial Soldiers Were Probably Not That Different It might be argued that the information about Roman soldiers of the Imperial period is irrelevant for the earlier Republican period. But even here R.W. Davies argues that there is evidence from the Republican period of Roman history for meat consumption by soldiers: When Scipio reintroduced military discipline to the army at Numantia in 134 B.C., he ordered that the only way the troops could eat their meat was by roasting or boiling it. There would be no reason to discuss procedure for preparation if they werent eating it. Q. Caecilius Metellus Numidicus made a similar rule in 109 B.C. Davies also mentions a passage from Suetonius biography of Julius Caesar in which Caesar made a generous donation to the people of Rome of meat. XXXVIII. To every foot-soldier in his veteran legions, besides the two thousand sesterces paid him in the beginning of the civil war, he gave twenty thousand more, in the shape of prize-money. He likewise allotted them lands, but not in contiguity, that the former owners might not be entirely dispossessed. To the people of Rome, besides ten modii of corn, and as many pounds of oil, he gave three hundred sesterces a man, which he had formerly promised them, and a hundred more to each for the delay in fulfilling his engagement.... To all this he added a public entertainment, and a distribution of meat....Suetonius - Julius Caesar Lack of Refrigeration Meant Summer Meat Would Have Spoiled Davies lists one passage that has been used to defend the idea of a vegetarian military during the Republican period: Corbulo and his army, although they had suffered no losses in battle, were worn out by shortages and exertion and were driven to ward off hunger by eating the flesh of animals. Moreover, water was short, the summer was long.... Davies explains that in the heat of the summer and without salt to preserve the meat, soldiers were reluctant to eat it for fear of getting sick from spoiled meat. Soldiers Could Carry More Protein Power in Meat Than Grain Davies is not saying the Romans were primarily meat eaters even in the Imperial period, but he is saying that there is reason to question the assumption that Roman soldiers, with their need for high-quality protein and to limit the amount of food they had to carry, avoided meat. The literary passages are ambiguous, but clearly, the Roman soldier, of at least the Imperial period, did eat meat and probably with regularity. It could be argued that the Roman army was increasingly composed of non-Romans/Italians: that the later Roman soldier may have been more likely to be from Gaul or Germania, which may or may not be sufficient explanation for the Imperial soldiers carnivorous diet. This seems to be one more case where there is reason at least to question the conventional (here, meat-shunning) wisdom.

Women s Role Model As A Serial Killer - 994 Words

Jasmine was a 12 year old girl from medicine hat Alberta who plotted and with her 23 year old boy friend to murder her parents so they could be together. It was at 12 years old when Jasmine Richardson went through a Gothic phase and displayed the personality and physical features of a 15-16 year old. Friends and family described her as a sweet and innocent young girl who was an honour role student but once she hit the seventh grade she started acting differently, she was hanging around with older boys and a Gothic crowd of people at the mall. On social media she listed her role model as a serial killer, and she wrote her biography as â€Å"â€Å"bisexual, Wiccan, nocturnal, awkward, loud, a deep thinker and insane† and descried her interests as â€Å"unnatural hair colors, dark poetry, criminal psychology, blood, human anatomy and kinky s—t†. Jasmine was always around older boys and it was at this time that she met 23 year old Jeremy Stinke who was also into a G othic style who was a high school drop out and proclaimed to be a 300 year old werewolf, he was looked up to by the younger people he hung around. When Jasmines parents found out about the relationship they were angry but tried to understand her actions, it was after they found out there was physical and possible sexual relations that they refused to let her see Jeremy, this made her furious at her parents. Jasmine eventually sent Jeremy a message on social media saying â€Å"â€Å"I have a plan and it involves me killing them and ends withShow MoreRelatedWomen Serial Killers or Partners to One678 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction. Women have fought for equality with men in the United States since the mid 1800s with the initiation of the woman’s rights movement. Not for special treatment, not for better opportunities, just equality. When it comes to killing, they are simply not viewed as aggressive creatures. They were forced to do it, they are the victims. Most peoples initial reaction to a woman taken into custody for murder is â€Å"She must have been abused.† There is very limited research on female serial killers, andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article The Dating Game Killer 1069 Words   |  5 Pages ‘The Dating Game Killer† April Smolkowicz Criminology 3200 Georgia Gwinnett College Introduction Rodney James Alcala is a California convicted serial killer. Alcala is also known as the â€Å"Dating Game Killer†, from when he was chosen in 1978, as a contestant on the ABC prime time show, â€Å"The Dating Game.† Alcala enrolled as a clerk in the U.S. Army in 1960, then in 1964 Alcala was discharged on medical grounds, after being diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder by a militaryRead MoreAn Analysis of Serial Killing and Sexual Sadism Applying Robert Pickton as a Case Study2093 Words   |  9 PagesRobert William â€Å"Willie† Pickton is currently serving a life sentence for the second degree murder of six British Columbian women. Although convicted for the murders of six victims, physical and forensic evidence for thirty-three women was uncovered at Pickton’s Port Coquitlam pig farm which served as the crime scene for his murders. Numerous other missing women, mostly marginalized prostitutes with chronic drug addiction, from Vancouverâ₠¬â„¢s Downtown Eastside area remain unaccounted for. It is not unreasonableRead MoreWhat Is Serial Murder?1864 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is serial murderer? It is difficult to define the term ‘serial murder’ due to the complexity and the diversity of the phenomenon, ‘the term remains elusive, ambiguous and amorphous’ in the literature, there is a suggestive trend towards the ‘achievement of a standardised definition’, yet going through current research and legal definitions of serial murder revealed ‘some discrepancies in how the term is defined’ the reason why this occurs is due to the practice of authors using various termRead MoreThe Twisted Mind of a Serial Killer2301 Words   |  10 PagesThe Twisted Mind of a Serial Killer As police walk into an abandoned house, a foul stench overtakes them. The room is dim and looks as though no one has been here for months. They walk further into the house and begin to see spots of blood on the floor. They follow this trail down the stairs into the basement where the smell becomes overwhelming, causing some of the officers to gasp and run back up the stairs. In the basement, they find the remains of several young boys who have been molestedRead MoreCriminal Profiling : An Investigative Tool1359 Words   |  6 Pagesdisreputable English serial killer from the Victorian era. At the time of the killings Dr. Tomas Bond (1888), a physician was asked by the London Criminal Investigation Division to assist them with the investigation. Dr. Thomas’ report from a crime scene examination identified the behaviors that individual(s) showed during the offense, for example, he suggested that all the murders were conducted by the same hand, the throats had been slashed from left to right and the women had been lying down whenRead MoreGender Roles : Stereotypes And Stereotypes1873 Words   |  8 PagesI will investigate gender roles alongside misogyny and sexism examining how ideologies have changed overtime focusing on negative and positive representations of women compared to men through crime dramas. Since the feminist movement in the 70’s various crime dramas have increasing numbers of smart, strong leading female protagonists which is now seen as acceptable, advancing contemporary portrayals of women in television by not conforming to stereotypes eradicating them, helping to battle outdatedRead MoreThe Slasher Film : The Modern Day Fairy Tale2034 Words   |  9 Pagesengaging in reckless behavior, a maniac using violence as a teaching tool for the audience, a final survivor girl, and an immortal maniac. (Thesis) C. In my presentation I will briefly describe the history of the slasher film genre, throughout the 1970’s-1980’s when the genre was at it’s height. During this time that John Carpenter’s significance as a horror director and his film, Halloween, which epitomizes the slasher genre and inspired many copycat films (Preview) Transition: Although generally lookedRead MoreContemporary Indian And Indian Drama1657 Words   |  7 PagesMohan Rakesh, Badal Sircar, Girish Karnad, and Vijay Tendulkar are the most famous playwrights of the contemporary Indian drama, whose excellent works are now amply available in many languages throughout the globe. Mohan Rakesh s plays describe the sufferings of men and women, who fall victims of socio-economic hierarchy and cultural hegemony. Badal Sircar popularly known as a barefoot playwright is yet another giant in the field of modern drama in India. He is known for his direct communicationRead MoreAn Early Spring Morning By Lynda Ann Healy1988 Words   |  8 Pagesbefore, a sheet and a pillow case were missing, a spot of blood had been found on the sheets, and the police had discovered that the door had been broken into. No one had any answers for the sudden absence of Lynda Healy, but as soon as many other women started to go missing during the same time, they knew answers would soon arise. Ted Bundy is a human monster through his unorthodox behavior of kidnapping, rape, and murder while he exhibits how the combination of both nature and nurture create a strong

Appropriation Of Culture And Its Effects On Foreign Countries

Appropriation of culture Cultural is where a group of people develop common ideas, common ways of doing things and common interpretation of certain things. Culture has great influence on foreign countries. People often from other countries get attracted to cultural aspects of other countries. Culture has great influence on media, politics and people’s everyday life. I experienced a pop culture moment where a group of white women was wearing sari (a cloth that is draped around the woman s body; it mostly seen in South Asia). I saw how culture could be imported instead of being exported. However, those women didn t wear the sari correctly, which arose a question in my mind. Do people wear, ethnic cloth because they respect it or they mock the cultural by not wearing correctly? This question is about appreciation and appropriation of culture. This topic is very imporatant to me because I was being bullied in middle school because of my cultural coth and food. Adopting another culture is natural because o f interaction between a group of people and it s also because everyone is so diverse now. However when does appropriation or offending other culture comes up? Appropriation can be viewed positively and negatively. Culture appropriation can be view positively if it s being portrayed correctly and it also can be viewed negatively if it s being portrayed wrong. We often see cultural appropriation is being discussed in the media such as the sound, image, ideas. it considered asShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Globalization On The United States1454 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization is an extremely relevant concept in regards to the current shape of the world. Through globalization, ideas are shared across cultures leading to innovations in several departments. I would like to give an overall view and perspective of the impact of globalization on the United States from a macro look at how globalization is now shaping America. Likewise, I will discuss in more detail how globalization has impact ed the United States as it relates to technology, trade, transportationRead MoreThe Characteristics of the Nation-State and Transnational Entities1343 Words   |  6 PagesNation-states deal certain characteristics of self-rule, organized government, territory, and population. Self-rule implies that nation-states rule themselves. They are free and not colonies of some other country. For example, the U.S. was a colony of Great Britain until the American Revolution. As a consequence of the American Revolution, the United States formed a nation-state. Organized government is the manner in which nation-states rule themselves. For example, the government of the U.S. isRead MoreCultural Convergence And Cultural Culture2176 Words   |  9 Pagespeople began to interact with people of different cultures, cultural convergence begins. Cultural convergence includes cultures beginning to share characteristics, as they share technology, language, and/or habits that are specific to each of thei r cultures. Cultural convergence and cultural appropriation are completely different things. Although many people speculate about the â€Å"gray area† between the two, there are very distinct differences. Culture convergence (CC) usually happens unconsciously whenRead MoreThe Indian Of Indian Literature1497 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish and to express Indian consciousness through native colouring of an alien language. It is like the growth of self-consciousness. To understand the present position of Indian English literature in relation with linguistic adaptations and appropriations, one has to make a comparative statement of the initial stages of our literature and the contemporary one. Indian English literature that is true, original, natural and conveys the present-time spirit is bound to be popular among the masses alongRead MoreGlobalization Is The Process Of Interaction And Integration Among The People1943 Words   |  8 Pagessystem of political, economic, and cultur al domination forcibly imposed by a technologically advanced foreign minority on an indigenous majority’ (Geller, 1994). The western world, which generally includes developed nations with eurocentric culture, dominate other nations and individual, non-western cultures eventually fade. The process of globalization spreads western values and practices to other cultures. Western societies grow and prosper at the expense of other peoples and the environment (Daes, 2004)Read MoreCultural Appropriation Of The Koru Essay1883 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay will address the issues of cultural appropriation of the koru in relation to the denotation of this Maori icon as well as its significant connotations, both visually in art and fashion and symbolically in business application. There are two motivational factors for initiating cultural appropriations that this essay explores: economic gain and artistic expression. The research focuses on specific New Zealand context on modern s ocietal ethnicity. The koru (see Figure 1) has a morphologicalRead MoreHong Kong Is Known For Their Small And Free Economy System1404 Words   |  6 Pagesmainland it is measured as the second major beneficiary of the foreign direct investment and it is the third major cause of FDI in Asia, following Japan and Chinese mainland. â€Å"Hong Kong became part of the People’s Republic of China in 1997, but under the â€Å"one country, two systems† agreement, China promised not to impose its socialist policies on Hong Kong and to allow Hong Kong a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense policy for 50 years.† (Hong Kong Economy: PopulationRead MoreShould the U.S. Government Drop Its Sanctions against Cuba?1676 Words   |  7 Pages After the Second World War sanctions emerge as a major foreign policy instruments of the powerful nations. Globalization engendered the denunciation of the brute use of force as a primary method of international coercion. Cuba is one of the countries considered as a rogue state by the United States and its allies. The emergence of Cuba as a communist country in the western hemisphere in 1960, and the nationalization of a huge amount of US assets in Cuba by the then new regime led to the sanctionsRead MoreThe Establishment Of Residential Schools1667 Words   |  7 Pagestargeted communities. though perceived to be noble, the idea behind the establishment of residential schools has been viewed as one of the most direct ways of influencing the native communities to not only abandon their cultural beliefs but also embrace foreign ideology. Research has shown the spread of residential schools within the native communities has not only negatively impacted the communities’ cultural standing but has also lowered the threshold for human rights as more children are subjected toRead MoreThe Connection Between Western Capitalism And Mexican Femicide1614 Words   |  7 Pagesintrigue and distress, forcing the world to take a closer look at some of the uglier consequences of globalization. Essentially, the femicides of Juarez are simply a symptom of a patriarchal society unconcerned with the lives of its workforce, a culture that values products more than the people who produce them: the overlapping timelines of the Juarez murders and the instigation of NAFTA can no longer be dismissed as mere coincidence. In fact, the spread of western capitalism is far more intimately

The Sin-Bin or Lucys Hear free essay sample

The Sin-Bin or Lucy’s Heart Short resume of the text: Lucy is a grade A student in the middle of Wales. She lives in city Cardiff. In this story she is put in detention for the first time, because she hit a girl named Penny Jones. Her teacher is surprised by this, because he never saw Lucy as the violent type. She is doing some boring work, and is thinking of her new best friend, Bethan Preece. Bethan is a bully at the school, and Lucy’s mother doesn’t think that Bethan is appropriate company for Lucy, because Lucy is a good girl. Lucy is not allowed to wear makeup for her mother, but she does it anyway, because she doesn’t want to disappoint Bethan. Lucy and Penny used to be pretty close, but Bethan doesn’t think Penny Jones is cool enough to be friend with them, and that’s why she made Lucy punch her. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sin-Bin or Lucys Hear or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lucy is considering herself very lucky; that Bethan has chose to be friends with her. The story ends when Lucy gets out of detention and walks to meet Bethan. c. The events in this story seen from Penny Jones’ point of view: â€Å"So, I was quite surprised when Lucy came to talk to me today, actually, I was surprised at the moment she even looked at me, and even more surprised, actually I was pretty happy (pathetic, I know) when she told me to meet her at the subway. We used to be pretty close, in my case, possible the closest I ever had to a best friend. I guess I should’ve known already there, that it wasn’t because she wanted to talk to me or anything in that case, because really, we haven’t been talking for quite a while now. I blame that girl, Bethan Preece. I don’t like her. She kind of made it at mission to humiliate as many as possible. She is a bad influence on Lucy, who used to be such a nice girl. I recognize the way Lucy is looking at Bethan; it is scaring me to death. It is kind of like looking in a mirror; because that’s the way I usually look at people when I would like to be their friend. Lucy has been looking at Bethan for a while that way now, and I’m sure that Lucy would do anything to prove herself Bethan’s best friend. I guess I got that one proved this afternoon. So when I got off school today, I headed directly at the subway, I was kind of nervous, because I didn’t know what to expect. The moment I saw her there, I wanted to turn around, because I had no idea what to say to her. I mean, what do you say to an old friend, you’re not really sure about? Well I just said â€Å"hi†, and I felt like an idiot in the exact moment the word left my lips. I should have said something a bit cooler, but I didn’t know what. She was a bit tense, her smiled was a little strained. But she just said â€Å"hi, how are you doing, how’s school? †, and acting kind of normal. Then people started coming, and suddenly her eyes looked a little sad, and then POW she hit me in the stomach. † I make a grimace and a fact as I said the word, and looked over at Dr. Phillips. â€Å"Please continue,† he said, looking a little bored. â€Å"It is just, that is brings back some kind of hard memories, because my father used to hit my mother, and it have affected me emotional. † I felt at tear drop from my nose and down on the floor. I looked away from him and continued: â€Å"So, I had no idea what to do, I just felt the tears trickle down my chins. I felt embarrassed, humiliated, and really bad, so I just turned around and started running, I didn’t stop until I was home, where I told my mother, and I ran to my room, just to do the routine cry in my pillow. That sucks. †

The Literacy element Essay Example For Students

The Literacy element Essay Modules HR143 (Assignment and Presentation) and IS161 have been paramount in the development of my literacy skills and the challenging nature of these modules has brought me to develop new approaches to study and a whole new way of learning relevant subject matter.  The University website www.unn.ac.uk has also been an important factor in my studies and covertly has brought my literacy skills to a higher level with regards to finding reference books and other texts. L1  Reading and synthesizing information are described as the main factors of developing literacy skills, these two items where a large part of my first semester with having to produce a number of essays on specific subject matter.  Selecting Material  Selecting reading material that contained the information I needed to complete my SM139 seminar work was quickly and efficiently accessed using the Universities Reading Lists pages (available online at www.unn.ac.uk). Here I could access all the recommended and essential reading texts that were available to me during my Business Management course (fig 1.1). We will write a custom essay on The Literacy element specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now (Fig.1.1)  The online reading lists helped me to select the most precise and accurate information recommended by module lecturer.  Reading Materials  When I think of reading a textbook the thought is extremely daunting because there is so much information to read and with other responsibilities to other modules time is of the essence. During my A-Levels I discovered a website that was dedicated to improving your reading skills, techniques of speed reading and most importantly being able to reduce the intake of irrelevant information. This again was particularly helpful in reading textbooks in my first and second semester at University. The Website http://web.nps.navy.mil/~menissen/mn3309/readguid.htm has introduced me to Skim reading and the following extract describes just some of the invaluable techniques I have introduced into my 1st Year studies at Northumbria in many HR143 and SM139 seminar case studies. (Fig1.2) Speed Reading Tips  These tips are derived from standard courses available on speed reading. Speed reading enables the reader to cover all printed material in less time. The techniques below can complement speed reading in that they can reduce the amount of printed material required to be read. Specific speed reading tips include:  1. Try not to say the words to yourself (even mentally) as you read. This limits your reading speed to your speaking speed.  2. Look for the key words in each sentence and try to avoid reading less-important articles, conjunctions and like small terms. 3. Use you hand or finger to trace a path for your eyes (Fig 1.2)  Synthesizing the key information in a form that is relevant to purpose;  Synthesizing key information is a situation in which you create or manufacturing or information and this had been very true in my Human Resources (HR143) Module. We set the task of compiling evidence on two managers or world leaders, comparing their management styles, personalities and write and essay explaining their differing styles. This essay gave me chance to accurately identify texts or sources that would be appropriate for the task in hand, I used Richard Bransons own book Losing My Virginity as the primary source from which much material for my essay could be synthesized.  Richard Bransons book had a lot of information about his background and life away from business, it was therefore important that I was not distracted by the irrelevant information. To eliminate time lost searching for his management credentials I looked up keywords in the glossary of the book, words such as Management, Behaviour and others linked with his business. This method proved most valuable and was relevant to the purpose of getting only the necessary facts and information. Identifying accurately, and comparing, the lines of reasoning and main points from texts and images;  Identifying the main points from large text used in my HR143 seminars was to quickly skim through the case study just to get a feel of what the study is about, I then read the questions after which I take a further look at the text and highlight any appropriate phrases or words that appear or are linked to the question. Sub-Headings are extremely useful in searching for the most relevant sections of information as they are designed to attract the reader to particular sections of interest or main points. I then employ a method of reading the question, going back to the text (looking for underlined or highlighted words or phrases) and then answer the question. .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 , .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 .postImageUrl , .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 , .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167:hover , .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167:visited , .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167:active { border:0!important; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167:active , .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167 .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc57195f74bb5fc624afe8a8ba02e8167:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Feel sorry for the Convict EssayThe use of this technique has helped me through GCSE and A Levels, and is proving most useful in my Business Management degree in many different modules.  L2 selecting and using a form and style of writing that is appropriate to purpose and complex subject matter;  IS161  We were given an assignment by our module tutor Dimitra that stated we must create a Word processed document on a topic from a list provided, and that is was to be handed in towards the end of the 1st semester, I thought that writing a few pages about Globalisation would be easy and passing would be no real hardship.  However, It wasnt as easy as merely constructing a document and then submitting it, there were specific criteria that had to be followed, we had to use specific skills and use technical functions to complete the task. Below is just a sample of the skills and functions that had to be incorporated into the assignment (fig 1.3).